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The serratus anterior (SA) is associated with shoulder painful conditions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the SA.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that specifically target the activation of the SA.

This paper can help clinicians develop exercises that specifically challenge the SA.

Improper activation of the trapezius is associated with abnormal scapular motions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the trapezius.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that target the trapezius.

Confidence intervals (CI) measure the uncertainty around effect estimates.

Frequentist 95% CI: we can be 95% confident that the true estimate would lie within the interval.

Bayesian 95% CI: there is a 95% probability that the true estimate would lie within the interval.

Decision-making should not be made considering only the dichotomized interpretation of CIs.

Training and education may enhance knowledge related to understanding and interpreting CIs.

PNF training statistically improves pain intensity, disability and static balance of working-age CLBP people.

Magnitudes of difference of outcomes between PNF training and general trunk exercises did not reach clinical important changes.

The therapist should take into account to use these interventions in rehabilitation programme for CLBP patients.

PBMT has a clear dose therapeutic window for exercise performance enhancement and post-exercise recovery.

Future RCTs must follow the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines, and use of the TIDeR checklist.

Future guidelines must be based only at the highest scientific evidence, avoiding overstatements and extrapolations based on animal experiments and case-studies.

Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version [SAS-SV] is now adapted into Brazilian Portuguese.

The Brazilian version of SAS-SV has good reliability and construct validity.

It is now possible to measure addition of smartphone use in Brazil.

WBV alone showed limited evidence compared to minimal intervention.

Additional effect of WBV seems to decrease deficiencies and activity limitations.

New expensive interventions need to be followed by scientific evidence.

Very-low to low quality of evidence suggests caution in recommending WBV.

Forward head posture is not associated with muscular performance in either groups.

Forward head posture does not explain pain and disability in CNP patients.

The muscle size–endurance relationship is affected in CNP.

Deep cervical muscles are selectively affected in the presence of CNP.

NMES might be used as adjuvant therapy to improve sitting and standing GMFM dimensions.

NMES is not better than PT alone to improve GMFM walking dimension.

Further research is still necessary to determine the precise effects of NMES on GMFM.

Low back pain is the leading cause of years lived with disability in Brazil.

Brazil has adopted unwarranted practices in the management of low back pain.

Brazil faces a significant challenge with overuse of medical services for LBP.

Tackling low back pain will require engagement of all relevant stakeholders.

The evidence of core stabilization exercises is controversial.

Exercises need to be understood in the bio-psycho-social context.

Individually tailor the exercises to the patient's needs and capability.

Adherence might increase when the patients understand the aim of the exercises.

Exercises need to guided and supervised to secure performance and quality.

Less than one-third of physical therapy trials reported confidence intervals.

The prevalence observed is lower than equivalent analyses in other disciplines.

Analysis showed consistent increases in the proportion of trials that used confidence intervals with time.

Few studies have assessed long term effects of TPDN for individuals with SAPS.

This study assesses the value of adding TPDN to routine treatments for SAPS.

This study assesses the effect of TPDN on subsequent healthcare utilization.

Results from this work could inform clinical management of SAPS.

Explaining pain to patients who survived cancer should be individually tailored.

Take the patient's pain beliefs, cognitions, pain memories, social factors and dominant pain mechanism into account.

Explaining pain implies teaching patients about the underlying biopsychosocial mechanisms of pain.

Pain neuroscience education is a potential solution to improve pain outcome in cancer survivors, but should never be a stand-alone treatment.

Pain neuroscience education should precede interventions such as graded activity, exercise therapy, stress management, sleep management and dietary advice.

Magnetic therapy as a novel alternative treatment is suitable for managing LBP. Its advantage over the standard pharmacological intervention is due to fewer side effects.

Previous studies reflect that there is still a gap in selecting the optimum parameters of pulsed electromagnetic field for treating acute and chronic nonspecific LBP. Many studies used high intensity and frequency of the PEMF, while others applied low parameters of the PEMF. While this study used 50Hz frequency, with low intensity of 20Gauss.

The dose of with 50Hz and 20Gauss seems to be useful.

Women with stress UI were eight times more likely to report cure after PFMT.

Women with combined UI types were five times more likely to report cure after PFMT.

PFMT improves symptoms and QoL in women with stress, urge and combined UI types.

Results support the recommendation of PFMT as first-line treatment for UI in women.

HIIT can benefits the HRV, especially in healthy and MetS subjects.

The HIIT can be used in cardiovascular rehabilitation and prevention.

Future randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness of HIIT.

Lymphedema reduces the quality of life of patients after breast cancer.

Objective measurement of lymphedema is essential to monitor treatment.

Circumference and costly measurements are inaccurate for irregular surfaces.

CVV volumes were statistically equal to those of the overflow method.

CVV volumes were closer to the actual volume of the phantom.

Exercise in pregnancy is associated with better control of maternal weight gain.

Moderate regular exercise throughout pregnancy prevents gestational diabetes.

Healthy pregnant women should be encourage to exercise regularly.