• •

  Means-end problem-solving (MEPS) should be a focus of early intervention.

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  MEPS tools might support screening for impaired problem-solving in young children with motor delays.

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  More time may be required to solidify MEPS learning for children with significant motor delays.

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  START-Play plus usual care did not impact MEPS performance more than usual care alone.

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  AI can benefit injury prevention and performance optimization in sports.

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  Challenges include data availability, ethical, social and technical issues.

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  Strategies to AI implementation should be developed and discussed.

• •

  Based on the data available, both bladder training and drug treatment isolated did not seem to promote helpful effects in patients with OAB.

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  Bladder training combined with intravaginal electrical stimulation seems to present positive results on overactive bladder symptoms; however the quality of evidence of the studies assessed was not satisfactory.

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  There are few randomized clinical trials on the effect of treatment on overactive bladder symptoms, which makes the efficacy of bladder training inconclusive.

• •

  Non-invasive therapies are first-line interventions for lateral elbow tendinopathy.

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  Acupuncture and BMV are effective for disability in the short-term.

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  The long-term effects of non-invasive intervention are unknown.

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  Clinicians should be cautious in decision making as the evidence is still unclear.

• •

  Varied interventions were reported for LHBT tendinopathy.

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  Modalities dominate studies while literature reviews stress multimodal care.

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  Evidence gaps persist in the conservative management of LHBT tendinopathy.

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  Pelvic floor muscle training is effective for improving women's sexual function after hysterectomy.

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  The effects of pelvic floor muscle training on urinary symptoms and pelvic floor muscle strength are imprecise.

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  Pelvic floor muscle training is unlikely to improve vaginal prolapse and quality of life.

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  Tech footwear linked to reduced foot muscle vs. barefoot.

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  Barefoot group shows significantly higher ankle dorsiflexion ROM.

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  No significant dynamic balance differences found between groups.

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  The closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST) and the seated Single-Arm/ unilateral seated shot-put test showed adequate reliability.

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  The seated medicine ball throw is valid to evaluate upper body power.

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  Other upper extremity physical performance tests should be used with caution due to low quality of evidence or suboptimal measurement properties.

• •

  An innovative diagnosis classification system was developed and regulated in Brazil.

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  An online system was developed and made available to all physical therapists in the country.

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  The new system will help professionals to define the prognosis and therapeutic goals.

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  This classification will allow a standardized physical therapy diagnosis.

The SPORTS Participation Framework can be used across health, sport, and education sectors to:

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  Enhance interdisciplinary communication for children with disability with sports-focused goals.

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  Identify and describe children's current stage of sports participation.

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  Plan time- and cost-effective management strategies to reach goal stage of sports participation.

• •

  Cardiorespiratory fitness measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing is consistently impaired in COVID-19 survivors.

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  The degree of reduction of cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with age, time post-COVID-19, disease severity, presence of dyspnea, and reduced exercise capacity.

• •

  Future research should investigate the mechanisms of cardiorespiratory fitness reduction in addition to investigating possible therapeutic strategies to maximize fitness post COVID-19.

• •

  The EFSMAP was developed by a panel of nine experts.

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  The EFSMAP is a valid and reliable exam of the women's PFM using visual observation and digital palpation.

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  EFSMAP can be used in clinical and research settings.

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  The EFSMAP set valid diagnostic labels for PFM impairments based on movement systems and ICF/WHO terminology.

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  The EFSMAP can facilitate standard communication and data gathering.

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  MRP values increased with increasing age.

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  MEP values, both for girls and boys, were higher than the MIP values for all ages.

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  Boys had higher MIP and MEP values than girls, regardless of age group.

• •

  Large 95% CI values were observed for MIP and MEP, mainly for the 12–19 age group.

• •

  For clinical practice, the nationality of the study should be considered.

• •

  The DiTA database, launched in 2019, is freely accessible at dita.org.au.

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  DiTA indexes physical therapy relevant diagnostic test accuracy research.

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  There are more than 2400 primary studies and systematic reviews indexed on DiTA.

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  This Masterclass provides tips on how to best search this database.

• •

  A single measure of the handgrip strength (HGS) can simplify sarcopenia screening.

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  The first handgrip strength trial did not differ significantly from the mean of three trials.

• •

  There was excellent agreement between the first handgrip strength trial and the mean of three trials.

• •

  The use of PBM or TENS was not effective for reducing pain intensity at rest of patients with chronic neck pain.

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  The combination of PBM and TENS reduced pain intensity during movement in neck pain.

• •

  The combination of PBM and TENS reduced local hyperalgesia in neck pain.

• •

  The combination of PBM and TENS improved global perceived effect in neck pain.

• •

  Isolated TENS reduced local and distant hyperalgesia in neck pain.