Exercise trials for knee osteoarthritis are not consistently collecting and reporting information about exercise adherence.

Without information about adherence, the understanding of true treatment effect sizes of exercise for individuals with knee osteoarthritis is limited.

Only 10.2% of trials provided a predetermined threshold of adequate adherence, and outcomes did not appear to differ in those who met the threshold. However, metrics, thresholds, and comparator groups were highly heterogeneous in these trials, limiting any conclusions.

There is a weak association between running biomechanics and running-related injuries.

Very limited evidence supporting that running biomechanics is associated with injuries.

There is significant heterogeneity of methods in running biomechanics studies.

50.3% of included studies inappropriately reported treatment effect modifiers.

Inappropriate reporting varied substantially between physical therapy journals.

Inappropriate reporting was highest in the most recent period, 2018 – 2022 (59.6%).