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The growth in volume of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of neurological physical therapy interventions in adults and paediatrics indexed to PEDro was accompanied by an increase in the methodological quality.

The methodological quality of RCTs of neurological physical therapy in adults and paediatrics is improving (mean=5.3), but is still suboptimal.

Journals Impact Factor and Journal Citation Indication were weakly correlated with the methodological quality of the trials.

A mediation analysis showcases the mechanisms underlying the effects of a cost-effective foot-ankle exercise program in modifying clinical and biomechanical outcomes.

A 12-week foot-ankle exercise program effectively improved foot function, mediated by reduced foot pain and enhanced ankle plantar flexion angle during push-off.

Foot function mediated the impact on forefoot peak pressure, while sagittal ankle ROM during gait stance phase mediated its effects on the forefoot pressure–time integral.

Resistance training was the only therapeutic exercise (TE) approach that showed clinical relevance, in the short and long term, to reduce pain intensity in women with fibromyalgia, showing a moderately important improvement (>30 %).

In the short term, aquatic exercise was the most effective approach to reduce pain intensity, so it could be an appropriate option to start a TE program in women with fibromyalgia.

These findings could contribute to a change in the current paradigm on TE prescription in fibromyalgia, because the “gold standard” recommendation of aerobic exercise should be replaced by other more effective approaches.

The results provide a valuable tool for decision making when choosing the most appropriate TE approach according to the patient's characteristics and preferences, because it is a key factor in improving adherence to treatment.

Individuals with AT have impaired ankle plantar flexion endurance and hip extension strength.

Individuals with AT have decreased performance during hop tests.

Clinicians-friendly measures can identify impairments in individuals with AT.

The main and early symptom of pulmonary hypertension is exercise-related dyspnea.

The sit-to-stand-test (STST) assesses exercise tolerance quickly and with minimal instruments.

The 30-STST and 1-STST exhibit valid convergent validity and excellent responsiveness.

The 5-STST protocol demonstrates responsiveness only to treatment.

PRIME-O is now available in Brazilian Portuguese.

The Brazilian version showed appropriate face validity and good internal consistency.

The Brazilian version of the PRIME-O showed excellent test–retest reliability.

The PRIME-O can be used for measuring client and service provider engagement.