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Physical therapists’ use of recommended care has not changed since 1990s.

Physical therapists’ use of treatments of unknown value appears to be increasing.

One explanation for these trends is the challenge of keeping up to date with evidence.

Other explanations include increased exposure to treatments of unknown value and not seeing value in research.

Strategies to replace non-recommended care with recommended care are needed.

Convergent validity between PFM tenderness and central pain mechanisms.

Poor agreement between pelvic floor muscle tenderness and self-reported symptoms.

When PFM tenderness on digital palpation is present, screen for central pain mechanisms.

Low back pain information offered on YouTube ™ is often not evidence based.

Available information prioritizes interventions rather than inform on condition.

Factors related to engagement with content on YouTube ™ remain uncertain.

Guideline adherence for low back pain is very low among physical therapy students.

Fourth year students show more biopsychosocial beliefs and more guideline adherent recommendations than 2nd-year students.

Biomedical beliefs are associated with poor adherence to evidence based guidelines.

A personal history of low back pain is not associated with beliefs or attitudes.

Patients having breast reconstruction are not routinely referred to physical therapy

The main reason for referral to physical therapy are complications after surgery

Current practice does not consider limitations specific to each reconstruction type

Patients in Brazil have three times more appointments compared to the UK

It is hypothesized that Kinesio Taping® can change muscle activity in patients with low back pain.

The Kinesio Taping® technique did not change the electromyographic signal intensity of the longissimus and iliocostalis muscles or reduce pain intensity in patients with chronic low back pain.

More research on mechanisms of action is needed.

Posture influences cardiovascular responses during isometric handgrip exercise.

STANDING promotes higher cardiovascular stress when compared to SITTING and/or SUPINE.

CAD promoted higher arterial pressure responses (systolic and mean arterial pressure), but it was expected.

Isometric handgrip exercise can be prescribed to clinically stable CAD patients, with cardiovascular monitoring.

Interval training is an interesting strategy in increasing aerobic capacity.

In patients with heart failure the use of combined interval training may effective in increasing VO2peak.

Interval training combined with resistance training can maximize treatment time.

Maximize treatment time is an aspect that has been important in the choice of interventions.

Training combined showed more effective in improving VO2peak in patients with heart failure.

Measurement properties of most physical activity questionnaires have not been fully tested.

Construct validation and reliability of most physical activity questionnaires are not acceptable.

Methodological quality of most studies were considered poor.

Diagnosis is designed to improve communication and documentation about a patient's condition and should help refine treatment options for patients. A diagnosis allows clinicians to “cross-talk” and reduce variability of care.

Higher order thinking is a form of thinking and learning that requires greater cognitive processing and indirectly requires different forms of learning beyond memorization, facts and, concepts. Higher order thinking occurs after one makes a diagnosis.

Diagnostic metrics are either internal (in that they provide information about the test only) or external (in that they provide information about post-test decision making). The best tests influence post-test decision making.

Overdiagnosis may lead to overtreatment. A caveat exists that over-pursuing diagnoses may lead to worse outcomes.

Within a diagnosis are specific phenotypes. Thus, multiple patients may have a single diagnosis but present markedly differently and respond to different outcomes.