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The serratus anterior (SA) is associated with shoulder painful conditions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the SA.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that specifically target the activation of the SA.

This paper can help clinicians develop exercises that specifically challenge the SA.

Beliefs are an important target for the management of musculoskeletal pain.

Behavioural learning is key to elicit and disconfirm unhelpful beliefs.

We propose key principles to guide clinicians in promoting behavioural change.

A case illustrates the role beliefs have on musculoskeletal pain management.

Children with cerebral palsy have variable degrees of respiratory muscle weakness.

IMT improves respiratory muscle strength, trunk control and exercise capacity in these children.

IMT also improves daily living activities and quality of life.

Improper activation of the trapezius is associated with abnormal scapular motions.

This paper reviews the anatomy, kinesiology, and pathokinesiology of the trapezius.

This paper describes and illustrates exercises that target the trapezius.

Wheelchair basketball players with shoulder pain get localized pain sensitivity.

Basketball players without shoulder pain had similar pressure pain sensitivity.

Elite wheelchair basketball players with shoulder pain get active trigger points.

The referred pain elicited by active trigger points reproduced shoulder pain.

Basketball players without shoulder pain get similar latent trigger points.

Migraine is associated with high levels of disability and comorbidities.

Disability levels can be influenced by the presence of aura and migraine chronicity.

Manual and exercise therapy aim to reduce musculoskeletal pain and sensitization.

Balance and vestibular rehabilitation is suggested to enhance function and reduce dizziness.

Patients may benefit from physical examination and tailored treatment paths including education.

HRV is used to assess cardiac autonomic modulation.

HRV is useful to assess the effect of physical exercise programmes.

What are the common shortcomings of using the HRV methodology?

What are the recommendations of using HRV collection and analysis methods?

Checklist regarding the use of the HRV collection and analysis methodology.

This study investigated the influence between pelvis–trunk–shoulder.

Active reduction of anterior pelvic tilt decreased trunk extension.

Active reduction of anterior pelvic tilt increased lower trapezius activity.

Patient education, physical exercise, and weight maintenance constitute the first-line knee osteoarthritis treatment approach.

There is still neglect of evidence-based strategies in clinical practice.

Less than 40% of patients with knee OA receive first-line treatment.

The use of adjunct therapies, isolated or in association with gold-standard treatments, is questionable.

Surgery is typically a last resort for the management of knee osteoarthritis.

The LCADL%total reflected better outcomes for COPD when compared to LCADLtotal.

The 28% cut-off point for LCADL has clinically relevant discriminatory power.

The LCADLtotal may compromise the interpretation of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program effects.

The bridge test with knee extension is a valid test to measure core stability.

Trunk rotators strength predicts the performance during this test.

Hip extensors and internal rotators strength can also predict the performance during the test.

Addressing these muscles might be important in people with poor performance during the bridge test.

Osteoarthritis promoted distinct modulation on MMP-2 in the quadriceps versus patellar tendon.

There is peri-articular tissue adaptation to resistance training in osteoarthritis.

Resistance training downregulates MMP-2 in quadriceps tendon, while in the patellar tendon its effects are limited.

Understanding extracellular matrix degeneration is crucial for rehabilitation purposes of osteoarthritis.

Measurement properties of most physical activity questionnaires have not been fully tested.

Construct validation and reliability of most physical activity questionnaires are not acceptable.

Methodological quality of most studies were considered poor.

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome patients had losses in hip muscle strength.

Flexion and rotation movements are reduced in FAI syndrome patients.

Reduced hip strength and motion should be considered during rehabilitation programs.