In 2020, 47,44% of deliveries in Distrito Federal were vaginal according with the Live Birth Information System (SINASC). The cesarean sections exceeded three times the rate recommended by the WHO of 15%. To encourage the vaginal delivery in Brasil, programs, such as Rede Cegonha of SUS, were implemented to reinforce the importance of vaginal birth and the improvement in prenatal care until 2 years after birth. This study accompanies the caracteristics and impacts of vaginal birth.

Describe the vaginal birth parturient’ profile from a public hospital in Distrito Federal from January to June of 2020.

It's an observational and cross-sectional study, that search through secondary data to describe the parturient’ s sociodemographic and clinical profile that gave birth between January and June of 2020. The inclusion criteria were vaginal birth with living newborn. Twin birth and illegible medical records were the exclusion criteria.

Six hundred medical records met the inclusion criteria. The most prevalent group age for vaginal birth was 52,83% of women between 20 and 29 years old, with adolescents (14 to 19 years old) representing 12,83%. To identify the social demographic profile, about 65% identified themselves as brown-skinned, 52% were single and 45,67% were from Águas Lindas de Goiás. Regarding educational level, 52,33% had completed high school and 94,67% of the deliveries occurred with a companion. Concerning clinical data, 63% of the women were multiparous, 90,17% were over 37 weeks of pregnancy, 38% of deliveries were induced and 26,50% used some kind of anesthesia. As for childbirth positions, 68,67% were on the semi-sitting position, 92,67% were not instrumented and 56,67% had perineal lacerations being the second-degree – laceration of the vaginal mucosa and muscles of the pelvic floor being the most prevalent (32,50%). In only 3,67% episiotomy was performed. The average weight of the newborn was of 3,18 Kg, with 90,16% weighting more than 2500g. The average length, head circumference and first APGAR of newborns were 48,46 cm, 34,18 cm and 8,26, respectively.

Most of the vaginal births were at term, and the most frequent birth position was semi-sitting. Regardless it's a Distrito Federal's public hospital, almost half the patients were from Goiás state. It is worth mentioning that adolescent between 14 to 19 years old maintains a percentage over 10% in the last 3 years of data in the first 6 months. The perineal injuries are still prevalent in more than 50% of the cases, and studies about the possible factors should be done.

With the presented data, it is noticed the need of implement actions about sex education and family planning to the teenager public, given that there's a significant percentile of parturient in this age group. Furthermore, it should be sought to understand the high index of women that suffered perineal injuries in this period, to implement preventive measures.