Long-term physiotherapeutic follow-up is essential for optimizing motor and functional development in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. As a highly heterogeneous condition, cerebral palsy significantly impacts mobility, social participation, and independence in diverse ways. Understanding the long-term effects of neurofunctional rehabilitation is crucial for improving therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of neurofunctional rehabilitation on gross motor function, self-care, mobility, and social function in children with cerebral palsy. A secondary objective was to analyze how different severity levels classified by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) influence rehabilitation outcomes.

A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 29 children aged 0 to 12 years diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Assessments were performed at four time points over nine months. Gross motor function was measured using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), while self-care, mobility, and social function were evaluated using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Participants were classified according to the GMFCS and analyzed in two groups: levels I-II-III and levels IV-V.

Significant improvements in gross motor function were observed across all GMFCS levels. Children classified as levels I-II-III showed significant progress in standing and walking-related scales, whereas those at levels IV-V demonstrated improvements mainly in seated posture stability. Regarding mobility and social function, only children in levels I-II-III exhibited significant advancements. No substantial changes were found in the need for assistance among children or caregivers in levels IV-V.

Neurofunctional rehabilitation proved effective in improving gross motor function across all GMFCS levels, particularly enhancing mobility and social function in children with milder impairments. For those with more severe motor limitations, the primary gains were related to postural stability in the seated position. These findings highlight the necessity of personalized rehabilitation programs and long-term follow-up to maximize functional independence.

This study underscores the fundamental role of combining multiple evidence-based rehabilitation methods and techniques to optimize functional outcomes in neurofunctional rehabilitation. The findings emphasize that a multimodal approach—integrating different therapeutic strategies—enhances functional independence and social participation more effectively than isolated interventions. Future research should further explore the synergy between various rehabilitation techniques and advocate for their broader integration into healthcare and educational policies, ensuring expanded access to specialized and comprehensive care.