Deaf Sports play a fundamental role in fostering self-esteem, quality of life, and social inclusion within the Deaf Community. Physical therapy is essential for maintaining the functional capacity of athletes who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (D/HoH), yet specific challenges arise due to sociocultural and communication barriers. Effective communication strategies are crucial to ensuring accurate assessments and optimal treatment. Despite the growing recognition of these challenges, there is limited research exploring facilitators that enhance the assessment process for athletes who are D/HoH in Brazil.

This study aimed to identify and analyze key facilitators that support physical therapists in conducting assessments of athletes who are D/HoH in Brazil, considering linguistic and technological resources that contribute to effective interaction and clinical evaluation.

A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted using focus group discussions. Brazilian physical therapists, both male and female, with at least three months of experience in Deaf Sports participated. Two online focus group sessions were held via Google Meet®. The discussion guide was developed by the research team based on existing literature on physical therapy and Deaf Sports. Data analysis was performed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) Thematic Analysis approach and Bardin's (2016) Content Analysis principles.

Four physical therapists participated in the research and identified several key facilitators for the physical therapy assessment of athletes who are D/HoH. The presence of sign language interpreters was highlighted as essential for conducting comprehensive evaluations and ensuring clear communication. The use of technology, such as messaging apps and smartphones, was also considered a significant tool in bridging communication gaps. Additionally, lip reading and the use of gestures were reported as complementary methods to enhance interaction. The utilization of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) and assistance from oralized athletes who are D/HoH further facilitated the assessment process.

The findings indicate that multiple strategies contribute to improving communication and assessment efficiency in the physical therapy care of athletes who are D/HoH. The integration of interpreters, technological resources, and alternative communication methods strengthens the therapist-athlete interaction and enhances evaluation accuracy.

These results emphasize the need for an inclusive approach that incorporates sign language interpreters, continuous training in sign language, and the adoption of digital communication tools in clinical practice. Supporting the use of these facilitators can significantly enhance accessibility, inclusion, and the overall effectiveness of physical therapy services for athletes who are D/HoH in Brazil.